Chemistry A J634 (ii)
CHEMISTRY A, J634 continued
| Module C5 | Chemicals of the Natural Environment | |
| C5.1 | What types of chemicals make up the atmosphere and hydrosphere? | Global cycles Oxygen cycle Nitrogen cycle Carbon cycle Acid rain |
| C5.1.1 | recall that dry air consists of gases, some of which are elements (for example oxygen, nitrogen and argon) and some compounds (for example carbon dioxide); | Global cycles Oxygen cycle Nitrogen cycle Carbon cycle |
| C5.1.10 | recall that the Earth's hydrosphere (oceans) consists mainly of water with some dissolved compounds; | Global cycles Hydrological cycle Water and soil Soil water concerns |
| Module C5.2 | What types of chemicals make up the Earth's lithosphere? | Soil and weathering Soils and pH Nutrient cycle |
| C5.2.1 | recall that the Earth's lithosphere (the rigid outer layer of Earth made up of the crust and the part of the mantle just below it) is made up of a mixture of minerals; | Soil and weathering |
| C5.2.2 | recall that silicon, oxygen and aluminium are very abundant elements in the crust; | Soil and weathering |
| Module C5.3 | Which chemicals make up the biosphere? | Global cycles |
| C5.3.1 | understand that living things are mainly made up from compounds containing the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen with small amounts of other elements such as phosphorus and sulfur; | Global cycles Nutrient cycle Carbon cycle Nitrogen cycle Soil and plants |
| Module C5.4 | How can we extract useful metals from minerals? | |
| C5.4.21 | evaluate, given appropriate information, the impacts on the environment that can arise from the extraction, use and disposal of metals | Soils and health Land reclamation Soil and pollution |
| Module C6 | Chemical Synthesis | |
| C6.1 | Chemicals and why we need them | |
| C6.1.1 | understand the importance of chemical synthesis to provide food additives, fertilisers, dyestuffs, paints, pigments and pharmaceuticals | Soils and fertilisers Soils and food production |
| C6.1.9 | recall the pH scale; | Soils and pH |
| C6.1.10 | recall the use of indicators and pH meters to measure pH; | Soils and pH Measuring soil properties |
| C6.1.13 | recall that the reaction of acid with an alkali to form a salt is a neutralisation reaction; | Soils and pH Measuring soil properties |
7.4 CITIZENSHIP
| Citizenship Programme of Study | Opportunities for Teaching the Issues during the Course | Soil-Net Links |
| Section 1: Knowledge and understanding about becoming informed citizens | ||
| The work of parliament, the government and the courts in making and shaping the law | C1: Role of regulation in limiting air pollution. | Global cycles Oxygen cycle Nitrogen cycle Carbon cycle Soil pollution Soils and climate change |
| The rights and responsibilities of consumers, employers and employees | C6 and C7: The responsibility of the chemical industry to minimise damage to people and the environment while producing products that are effective and safe. | Soils and health Soils and pollution |
| The issues and challenges of global interdependence and responsibility, including sustainable development and Local Agenda 21 | C5 and C7: Insight into the chemical nature of the natural environment needed for an understanding of issues of sustainability including the use of manufactured fertilisers. | Soils and fertilisers Soils and pollution Acid rain Nutrient cycle |
| Section 2 : Enquiry and communication | ||
| Researching a topical scientific issue by analysing information from different sources, including ICT-based sources, showing an awareness of the use and abuse of statistics | Coursework: Case Study of a topical science-related issue. C2: Investigating the issues that arise at each stage in the life cycle of a material object. C3: Exploring topical issues related to food and agriculture. | Soil functions Threats to soils Future concerns for soils Soil erosion Desertification Soil and fertilisers Deforestation Soils and climate change Loss of organic matter |
7.6 SPIRITUAL, MORAL, ETHICAL. SOCIAL, LEGISLATIVE, ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ISSUES
A number of the scientific ideas which feature in this specification have a significant cultural influence on how people think about themselves and their environment. Also in this specification, candidates gain more insight into the reliability and significance of scientific data.
| Issue | Opportunities for Teaching the Issues during the Course | Soil-Net Links |
| Scientific explanations which give insight into the local and global environment | C1: The origins of pollutants and what happens to them in the atmosphere.C5: Insight into the chemical nature of natural changes in the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. | Global cycles Oxygen cycle Nitrogen cycle Carbon cycle Soils and health Soils and pollution Waste disposal |
7.7 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS AND EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENTS
Environmental issues.
OCR has taken account of the 1988 Resolution of the Council of the European Community and the Report Environmental Responsibility: An Agenda for Further and Higher Education, 1993 in preparing this specification and associated specimen assessments.